A person alleging a failure on the part of a trade union to comply with any of the requirements of this Chapter may apply for—
a declaration under section 55 (by the Certification Officer), or
a declaration under section 56 (by the court);
...
An application for a declaration under section 55 or 56 may be made only—
by a person who is a member of the trade union (provided, where the election has been held, he was also a member at the time when it was held), or
by a person who is or was a candidate at the election;
and the references in those sections to a person having a sufficient interest are to such a person.
Where an election has been held, no application under those sections with respect to that election may be made after the end of the period of one year beginning with the day on which the union announced the result of the election.