In this Chapter references to a statement or to a matter stated are to be read as follows.
A statement is any representation of fact or opinion made by a person by whatever means; and it includes a representation made in a sketch, photofit or other pictorial form.
A matter stated is one to which this Chapter applies if (and only if) the purpose, or one of the purposes, of the person making the statement appears to the court to have been—
to cause another person to believe the matter, or
to cause another person to act or a machine to operate on the basis that the matter is as stated.